CarBuyTip.com  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Home > Car Buying Tips > Auto Glossary
 
 
 

New Car Terms

Learn some of the terms that can make auto buying more confusing.

ACQUISITION FEE

A charge included in most lease transactions that is either paid up front or is included in the gross capitalized cost. It may be called a bank fee or an assignment fee. This fee usually covers a variety of administrative costs, such as the costs of obtaining a credit report, verifying insurance coverage, checking the accuracy and completeness of the lease documentation, and entering the lease in data processing and accounting systems.

ADDITIONAL INSURED

A party who is covered by another party's insurance policy. The lessor typically requires you to name the lessor as an additional insured under your vehicle insurance policy.

ADJUSTED CAPITALIZED COST (ADJUSTED CAP COST)

The amount capitalized at the beginning of the lease, equal to the gross capitalized cost minus the capitalized cost reduction. This amount is sometimes referred to as the net cap cost.

AD VALOREM TAX

See Personal property tax.

ALLOWABLE MILES

The miles the lease allows you to drive at no additional charge. Typically this is between 12,000 and 15, 000 miles per year.

AMORTIZATION

The gradual reduction of a debt by periodic payments large enough to meet current interest payments and to repay the principal at maturity. The loan is repaid through regular, monthly payments of principal and interest paid for a pre-determined amount of time.

AMOUNT DUE AT LEASE SIGNING OR DELIVERY

The total of any capitalized cost reduction, monthly payments paid at signing, security deposit, title and registration fees, and other amounts due before you take delivery of the vehicle.

APR (ANNUAL PERCENTAGE RATE)

The annualized cost of credit expressed as a percentage in a finance agreement. In a lease, there is no annual percentage rate or equivalent rate.

ASSIGNED RISK

A risk that is not normally acceptable to insurers. It is instead assigned to insurers participating in an assigned risk pool or plan. Each company agrees to accept its own share of risks.

ASSIGNEE

A third party that buys a lease agreement from a lessor. You become obligated to the assignee, and the assignee generally assumes the responsibilities of the lessor, although some obligations may remain with the lessor.

ASSIGNMENT

The sale of a lease agreement and transfer of the ownership rights for the leased vehicle from the lessor to an assignee. Many leases are assigned at the time the lease is signed.

ASSIGNOR

A lessor that sells the lease agreement and transfers the ownership rights for the leased vehicle to an assignee.

AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE

A type of insurance that protects the insured against losses involving automobiles. Different coverages can be purchased depending on the needs and wants of the insured, e.g., the Liability coverages of Bodily Injury Liability, Property Damage Liability, and Medical Payments, and the Physical Damage coverages of Collision and Comprehensive.

BASE MONTHLY PAYMENT

The portion of the monthly payment that covers depreciation, any amortized amounts, and rent charges. It is calculated by adding the amount of depreciation, any other amortized amounts, and rent charges and dividing the total by the number of months in the lease. Monthly sales/use taxes and other monthly fees are added to this base monthly payment to determine the total monthly payment.

BASIC AUTO POLICY

A policy much broader in terms of eligibility but narrower in coverage than the Family or Personal Auto policies. It is used mostly to insure commercial vehicles like trucks and busses, but is also used for motorcycles and motorscooters and to cover substandard risks, such as those insured through assigned risk plans.

BROKER

An entity that arranges for the sale or lease of vehicles through another party.

BUSINESS AUTO COVERAGE FORM

The latest commercial Automobile Insurance coverage form, which may be written as a monoline policy or as part of a commercial package. This form has largely replaced the Business Auto Policy.

BUSINESS AUTO POLICY

A policy that provides Liability and Physical damage coverages on commercial vehicles. The Business Auto Coverage Part has replaced this in most jurisdictions.

BUSINESS LEASE

A lease of personal property to (1) an individual to be used primarily for business, commercial, or agricultural purposes or (2) an organization such as a partnership, corporation, or government agency. The Consumer Leasing Act and Regulation M do not apply to business leases.

CAPITALIZED COST

Shortened term for either gross capitalized cost or adjusted capitalized cost, both required disclosures under federal law. Some states require that the term "capitalized cost" be used in state lease disclosures.

CAPITALIZED COST REDUCTION (CAP COST REDUCTION)

The sum of any down payment, net trade-in allowance, and rebate used to reduce the gross capitalized cost. The cap cost reduction is subtracted from the gross cap cost to get the adjusted cap cost.

CAPTIVE FINANCE COMPANY

A finance company related to a particular automobile manufacturer or distributor.

CLOSED-END LEASE ("WALK-AWAY" LEASE)

A lease in which you are not responsible for the difference if the actual value of the vehicle at the scheduled end of the lease is less than the residual value, assuming that you have stayed within the mileage and wear limits stated in your lease agreement. However, you are responsible for other lease requirements.

COLLISION INSURANCE

A form of Automobile Insurance that covers loss to the insured's own vehicle caused by its collision with another vehicle or object or its upset but not covering bodily injury or property damage liability arising out of the collision.

COMBINATION POLICY

A policy made up of the contracts of two or more insurers in which each provides a different kind of insurance. This was once commonly used in Automobile Insurance when state law limited Casualty companies to the writing of Liability Insurance and Fire Insurance companies to Physical Damage Insurance. Combination policies are rarely written today.

COMPREHENSIVE COVERAGE

Traditional name for physical damage coverage for losses by fire, theft, vandalism, falling objects, and various other perils. On Personal Auto Policies, this is now called "other than collision" coverage. On commercial forms, it continues to be called "comprehensive" coverage.

CONSUMER LEASE

A lease of personal property to an individual to be used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes for a period of more than four months and with a total contractual obligation of no more than $25,000. The Consumer Leasing Act and Federal Reserve Regulation M cover a lease meeting all of these criteria. If any one of these criteria is not met, for example, if the leased property is used primarily for business purposes or if the total contractual obligation exceeds $25,000, the Consumer Leasing Act and Regulation M do not apply. See Total contractual obligation.

CONSUMER LEASING ACT

A 1976 amendment to the Truth in Lending Act that requires disclosure of the cost and terms of consumer leases and also places substantive restrictions on consumer leases. See Consumer lease.

CONSUMMATION

Generally, the time at which you and the lessor sign the lease agreement.

CONVERTIBLE COLLISION INSURANCE

Automobile Collision Insurance with a deductible that, after claims exceeding the deductible have been paid, converts to full coverage for all losses thereafter. Rarely written today.

DEALER CHARGES

Charges for extra services or products sold by the dealer, including rust proofing, undercoating and extended warranties.

DEALER DISCOUNT

Any amount that the dealer contributes to reduce the manufacturer's suggested retail price (sticker price or MSRP). For example providing air conditioning at 'no additional cost'.

DEALER PREPARATION FEE

A fee charged by some dealers to cover the expenses of preparing a vehicle for lease. The manufacturer may reimburse the dealer for this expense.

DEDUCTIBLE

An amount that a policyholder agrees to pay, per claim or per accident, toward the total amount of an insured loss.

DEFAULT

Your failure to meet one or more conditions of your lease agreement. Default may result in early termination of the lease.

DEPRECIATION

A vehicle's decline in value over the term of the lease. This is based on year, make, model, mileage & overall wear. Convertibles, autos with large engines, trucks, and vans tend to depreciate less than other vehicles

DISCLOSURES

Information on the financial and other terms and conditions of a lease, including information required by federal regulation (Regulation M) and by state laws. Required disclosures must be made in writing before the lease is consummated. Advertisements that include key lease terms (the amount of any payment or a statement of payments due before consummation or delivery) must also include certain disclosures. Under Regulation M, certain disclosures must be grouped together and segregated from other information (see Segregated disclosures). Other required disclosures appear elsewhere in the lease documents (see Nonsegregated disclosures).

DISPOSITION FEE OR DISPOSAL FEE

A fee often charged by a lessor to defray the cost of preparing and selling the vehicle at the end of the lease if the vehicle is not purchased and is returned to the lessor.

DOCUMENTATION FEE

A fee often charged by a lessor to cover the cost of preparing lease documents.

DOWN PAYMENT

The difference between the loan amount and the purchase price, which is usually paid immediately upon purchase in the form of cash or trade-in value. This helps to reduce the capitalized cost and thus decrease your overall lease.

DRIVE-OTHER-CAR ENDORSEMENT (DOC)

A coverage that may be added to an Automobile policy affording auto coverage to the individuals named in the endorsement while they are driving cars not owned by the individuals and not named in the policy.

EARLY TERMINATION

Ending of the lease before the scheduled termination date for any reason. The reason may be voluntary or involuntary (for example, the vehicle is returned early, stolen, or totaled, or you default on the lease). In most cases of early termination, you must pay an early termination charge.

EARLY TERMINATION CHARGE

The amount you owe if your lease ends before its scheduled termination date, calculated as described in your lease agreement. The earlier your lease is terminated, the greater this charge is likely to be. The charge is generally the difference between the early termination payoff and the amount credited to you for the vehicle.

EARLY TERMINATION PAYOFF

The total amount you owe if your lease is terminated before the scheduled end of the term. The payoff is calculated as described in your lease agreement before subtracting the value credited to you for the vehicle. The early termination payoff may include the unpaid lease balance and other charges.

EMPLOYERS NONOWNERSHIP LIABILITY INSURANCE

Protects the employer for liability arising from the use by employees of their own cars on company business.

EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT

A federal law that prohibits discrimination in credit transactions on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, source of income, or the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act.

EXCESS MILEAGE CHARGE

A charge by the lessor for miles driven in excess of the maximum specified in the lease agreement. The excess mileage charge is usually between $0.10 and $0.25 per mile. Suppose, for example, that your lease specifies a maximum of 36,000 miles and a charge of $0.15 per mile over the maximum. If you drive 37,000 miles, the excess mileage charge will be $0.15 x 1,000, or $150. Open-end leases typically do not include an excess mileage charge.

EXCESSIVE WEAR AND USE CHARGE (EXCESS WEAR AND TEAR CHARGE)

Amount charged by a lessor to cover wear and tear on a leased vehicle beyond what is considered "normal." The charge may cover both interior and exterior damage, such as upholstery stains, body dents and scrapes, and tire wear beyond the limits stated in the lease agreement. Open-end leases typically do not include an excessive wear and use charge. Extended Non-Owner Liability An endorsement attached to a Personal Auto Policy to provide broader liability coverage only for specifically named individuals. When attached, it covers non-owned autos furnished for the regular use of an insured, use of vehicles to carry persons or property for a fee, and broader coverage for business use of vehicles.

EXTENDED WARRANTY

A contract that can be purchased to cover the costs of parts and service on a vehicle beyond the manufacturer's original warranty period.

FACTORY INVOICE PRICE

The price the dealer paid the manufacturer for the car. This number falls under the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP), which is the also known as the window sticker or the list price.

FACTORY-TO-DEALER INCENTIVES

A program offered by manufacturers to boost sales of slower-moving cars or to reduce excess inventory. These incentives are passed directly from the manufacturer to the dealer, who may or may not elect to pass the savings onto the customer.

FAIR MARKET VALUE

The amount that a willing buyer would pay to a willing seller to purchase certain property at a particular point in time.

FAIR MARKET VALUE PURCHASE OPTION

Your right to purchase the vehicle you have leased according to terms specified in your lease agreement for a price determined by referring to a readily available guide to used car values or to another independent source.

FAMILY AUTOMOBILE POLICY

A form that was once widely used to write Automobile Insurance for individual car owners. It is a package policy that provides protection against legal liability for bodily injury and property damage to others, injury to the insured and other occupants of the vehicle, and damage to the vehicle itself. It has largely been replaced by the more modernized Personal Auto Policy.

FAMILY PROTECTION ENDORSEMENT

See Uninsured Motorists Endorsement.

FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD

The federal agency with rule-writing authority for the Truth in Lending Act, of which the Consumer Leasing Act is part; officially known as the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Board also performs other functions related to U.S. monetary policy, financial system stability, bank supervision and regulation, and the nation's payments system.

FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION

The federal agency responsible for enforcing the Truth in Lending Act, of which the Consumer Leasing Act is part, among leasing companies, finance companies, and lessors not regulated by other federal agencies. The Federal Trade Commission also performs other functions related to its role of ensuring that the nation's markets function competitively, enforcing other statutes affecting consumer financial services, and enforcing the Federal Trade Commission Act, which prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices.

FEES AND TAXES (OR OFFICIAL FEES AND TAXES)

The total amount you will pay for taxes, licenses, registration, title, and official (governmental) fees over the term of your lease. Because fees and taxes may change during the term of your lease, they may be stated as estimates.

FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CLAUSE

A clause that states that a policy conforms to the financial responsibility laws of any state in which the insured is operating the insured vehicle.

FIXED PRICE PURCHASE OPTION

Your right to purchase the vehicle you have leased for a fixed price as specified in your lease agreement.

FLEET POLICY

An insurance contract that applies to a number of vehicles. Usually 5 or more self-propelled vehicles constitute a fleet.

FULL MAINTENANCE LEASE

A lease in which the lessor assumes responsibility for all manufacturer-recommended maintenance and service on the vehicle. The lease may also cover additional mechanical repairs and servicing during the term of the lease. The cost of this service usually is included in the gross capitalized cost or is added to the base monthly payment.

GAP AMOUNT

In the event a leased vehicle is stolen or totaled, the difference between the early termination payoff and the amount for which the vehicle is insured before the insurance deductible and any other policy deductions are subtracted. The definition of gap amount may vary in different states or in different lease agreements.

GAP INSURANCE (GUARANTEED AUTO PROTECTION, OR GAP)

A plan that provides you financial protection in case your leased vehicle is stolen or totaled in an accident. There are two types of gap coverage. One is a waiver by the lessor of the gap amount if the vehicle is stolen or totaled. The other is a contract by a third party to cover the gap amount. Under either type, you may remain responsible for the insurance deductible and for other amounts deducted from the insured amount of the vehicle by your insurance company.

GARAGE COVERAGE FORM

A commercial Automobile Insurance coverage form used to insure automobile dealers, repair shops, service stations, and garage risks. Garage liability, garage keeper's coverage, and physical damage coverages may be included.

GOOD STUDENT DISCOUNT

A discount granted to students with high scholastic ratings. There is a proven relationship between good grades and safe driving.

GROSS CAPITALIZED COST (GROSS CAP COST)

The agreed-upon value of the vehicle, which generally may be negotiated, plus any items you agree to pay for over the lease term (amortized amounts), such as taxes, fees, service contracts, insurance, and any prior credit or lease balance.

GROSS INCOME

The income of the borrower before taxes or expenses are deducted. For qualifying purposes this information helps to determine a lessor's risk.

HIRED AUTOMOBILE

Autos the insured leases, hires, rents, or borrows, but not autos owned by employees or members of their households.

INCENTIVES

Amounts rebated or credited, or special programs offered, to consumers or lessors to encourage the lease of certain vehicles. These companies are not directly affiliated with any vehicle manufacturer.

INDEPENDENT LEASING COMPANY

A leasing company that offers leases directly to consumers and businesses and is generally not affiliated with a particular automobile manufacturer.

INSURANCE

A contract in which one party agrees to pay for another party's financial loss resulting from a specified event (for example, a collision, theft, or storm damage). Lease agreements generally require that you maintain vehicle collision and comprehensive insurance as well as liability insurance for bodily injury and property damage.

INSURANCE VERIFICATION

The process of obtaining verbal or written confirmation of required coverage from your insurance agent or company.

INTEREST RATE

The periodic charge, expressed as a percentage, for use of credit. This rate is based on current market trends and credit history.

INVOICE PRICE

The price the dealer paid the manufacturer for the car. This number falls under the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP), which is the also known as the window sticker or the list price.

LATE CHARGE

A fee charged for a past-due payment. This charge is usually either a percentage of the lease payment or a fixed dollar amount.

LATE PAYMENT

A payment received after the specified due date. In most cases, a late payment triggers a late charge after any grace period.

LEASE

A contract between a lessor and a lessee for the use of a vehicle or other property, subject to stated terms and limitations, for a specified period and at a specified payment.

LEASE CHARGE

See Rent or rent charge.

LEASE EXTENSION

Continuation of a lease agreement beyond the original term, often one month at a time. There may be a charge for extending the lease. If the extension continues beyond six months, new lease disclosures must be provided.

LEASE FACTOR

See Money factor.

LEASE RATE

A percentage used by some lessors to describe the rent charge portion of your monthly payment. No federal standard exists for calculating the lease rate. Any rates or factors used in lease calculations do not have to be disclosed under federal law. If a lease rate is given, as a percentage in an advertisement or on any lease form, the ad or form must also state, "This percentage may not measure the overall cost of financing this lease."

LEASE TERM

The period of time for which a lease agreement is written.

LEMON LAWS

State laws that provide remedies to consumers for vehicles that repeatedly fail to meet certain standards of quality and performance. Lemon laws vary by state and may not cover leased vehicles.

LESSEE

The party to whom the vehicle is leased. In a consumer lease, the lessee is you, the consumer. The lessee is required to make payments and to meet other obligations specified in the lease agreement.

LESSOR

The original owner of the vehicle or property being leased. This is the finance company that purchases the vehicle and then agrees to "rent" it to the lessee for a stipulated length of time, under a contract agreement known as a lease.

LOAN TO VALUE RATIO (LTV)

A ratio determined by dividing the sales price or appraised value into the loan amount, expressed as a percentage. For example, with a sales price of $10,000 and an auto loan of $9,000, your loan to value ratio would be 90%.

LOCK ('LOCK IN')

A commitment you obtain from a lender assuring you a particular interest rate or feature for a definite time period. Provides protection should interest rates rise between the time you apply for a loan, acquire loan approval, and, subsequently, close the loan and receive the funds you have borrowed.

LUXURY CAR TAX

A federal excise tax assessed on vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of less than 6,000 pounds and a value exceeding a threshold amount, which is adjusted periodically for inflation.

MAINTENANCE

Care for the vehicle required by the lease agreement. Maintenance may include manufacturer-recommended servicing and any repairs needed to keep the vehicle in good operating condition.

MAINTENANCE LEASE

A lease agreement in which some or all of the vehicle maintenance and servicing is the responsibility of the lessor.

MILEAGE ALLOWANCE OR MILEAGE LIMITATION

The fixed mileage limit for the lease term. If you exceed this limit, you may have to pay an excess mileage charge.

MONEY FACTOR

A number, often given as a decimal, used by some lessors to determine the rent charge portion of your monthly payment. This number is not a lease rate and cannot be converted to a lease rate by moving the decimal point. The money factor is roughly equivalent to the APR divided by 2,400. For example, a money factor of 0.00333 approximately equals an APR of eight percent (eight divided by 2,400 equals 0.00333). Sometimes dealers don't mention the decimal places in a money factor, assuming that you will know that the decimal places are implied. For example, if the money factor is .00333, the dealer might simply say the money factor is "333."

MONTHLY PAYMENT

This term may refer to one of two required federal disclosures. See Base monthly payment and Total monthly payment.

MONTHLY SALES/USE TAX

The state and local taxes that you must pay monthly when you lease a vehicle. These payments, if any, are added to your base monthly payment and paid as part of your total monthly payment.

MOTOR VEHICLE RECORD (MVR)

The record of an automobile driver's accidents and/or traffic violations.

MSRP

Manufacturer's suggested retail price, or the recommended selling price for a vehicle and each of its optional accessories. Also known as a "sticker price."

NAMED NON-OWNER POLICY

An Automobile Insurance policy issued to someone who does not own an automobile, but who drives borrowed or rented autos.

NO-FAULT INSURANCE

Many states have passed laws permitting the individual automobile accident victim to collect directly from his or her own insurance company for medical and hospital expenses regardless of who was at fault in the accident. There are many variations in the laws of those states that have no-fault statutes. Most states do allow the individual to sue the negligent party if the amount of damages exceeds a certain stated limit. See also Keeton-O'Connell Plan.

NONOWNED AUTO

Any autos not owned, leased, hired, or borrowed which are used in connection with the business.

NONSEGREGATED DISCLOSURES

Disclosures required by Federal Reserve Regulation M that may be presented in any order and may appear anywhere in the lease documents except with the segregated disclosures. Page 2 of the sample lease form shows these disclosures. See also Segregated disclosures.

OPEN-END LEASE

A lease agreement in which the amount you owe at the end of the lease term is based on the difference between the residual value of the leased property and its realized value. Your lease agreement may provide for a refund of any excess if the realized value is greater than the residual value. In an open-end consumer lease, assuming you have met the mileage and wear standards, the residual value is considered unreasonable if it exceeds the realized value by more than three times the base monthly payment (sometimes called the "three-payment rule"). If you believe the amount owed at the end of the lease term is unreasonable and refuse to pay, the lessor may attempt to prove that the residual value was reasonable when it was set at the beginning of the lease. However, if you cannot reach a settlement with the lessor, you cannot be forced to pay the excess amount unless the lessor brings a successful court action and pays your reasonable attorney's fees.

OPTION TO PURCHASE

See Purchase option.

PAYOFF

See Early termination payoff.

PERSONAL AUTO POLICY

A revised edition of the Family Auto policy, with simplified wording used in the policy provisions. It is the most common auto insurance policy sold today.

PERSONAL INJURY PROTECTION (PIP)

The formal name usually given to no-fault benefits in states that have enacted mandatory or optional no-fault Automobile Insurance coverages. PIP usually includes benefits for medical expenses, loss of work income, essential services, accidental death and funeral expenses.

PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX (OR AD VALOREM TAX)

A tax on personal property. State laws govern whether personal property taxes apply to a leased vehicle; your lease agreement governs whether you or the lessor will pay these taxes.

PHYSICAL DAMAGE

A term indicating damage from such perils as collision, comprehensive, fire and theft or any damage to the vehicle itself.

PREPARATION FEE (CHARGES)

Charges imposed by a dealer for preparing a newly purchased car for delivery to the buyer. Includes filling the gas tank, verifying appropriate fluid levels, last minute touch-up cleaning, etc. Also known as the 'prep fee.'

PRIOR CREDIT BALANCE (NEGATIVE EQUITY OR NEGATIVE TRADE-IN BALANCE)

The portion of the gross capitalized cost representing the amount due under a previous credit contract after crediting the value of the vehicle traded-in on the lease.

PRIOR LEASE BALANCE

The portion of the gross capitalized cost representing the balance due from a previous lease agreement after crediting the value of the previously leased vehicle.

PRIVATE PASSENGER AUTOMOBILE

Four-wheeled motor vehicles of the private passenger, station wagon or van type, designed for use on public highways and subject to motor vehicle registration.

PURCHASE OPTION

Your right to buy the vehicle you have leased, before or at the end of the lease term, according to terms specified in the lease agreement. Your lease agreement may or may not include a purchase option.

PURCHASE OPTION FEE

An amount, in addition to the purchase price, you may have to pay to exercise any purchase option in your lease agreement.

RADIUS OF OPERATION

Usually used to determine rates for automobiles owned by a business. Beyond a certain number of miles in radius, e.g., 50, the rate is increased.

REALIZED VALUE

(1) The price received by the lessor for the leased vehicle at disposition, (2) the highest offer for the leased vehicle at disposition, or (3) the fair market value of the leased vehicle at termination. The realized value may be either the wholesale or the retail value as specified in the lease agreement.

REASONABLENESS STANDARD

The requirement of the Consumer Leasing Act that charges for delinquency, default, or early termination be reasonable in light of the lessor's or assignee's (1) anticipated or actual harm caused by such delinquency, default, or early termination, (2) difficulties in proving loss, and (3) inconvenience in obtaining a remedy.

REBATE

An amount offered by some manufacturers, dealers, or lessors that may be paid to you separately or credited to your lease agreement.

RECONDITIONING

The process of preparing a vehicle for resale or re-lease if you return it.

RECONDITIONING RESERVE

An amount that you may pay at the beginning of the lease that may be used by the lessor to offset any amounts you may owe at the end of the lease term for excessive wear and use and excess mileage. Any remaining amount may be refunded to you.

REGISTRATION FEE

A fee charged by a state motor vehicle department to register a vehicle and authorize its use on the public roadways.

REGULATION M

The regulation issued by the Federal Reserve Board that implements the Consumer Leasing Act.

RENT OR RENT CHARGE

The portion of your base monthly payment that is not depreciation or any amortized amounts. This charge is similar to interest on a loan.

RESIDUAL VALUE

The end-of-term value of the vehicle established at the beginning of the lease and used in calculating your base monthly payment. The residual value is deducted from the adjusted capitalized cost to determine the depreciation and any amortized amounts. It is an estimate that may be determined in part by using residual value guidebooks. The residual value may be higher or lower than the realized value at the scheduled end of the lease.

RESIDUAL VALUE GUIDEBOOKS

Publications used in part by some lessors to establish vehicle residual values. Different guidebooks are more popular in different regions of the United States and with different lessors.

SAFE DRIVER PLAN

A system in which points are assigned for traffic violations and certain accidents, and each point adds a percentage surcharge to the rating factor. It is similar to merit rating.

SALES/USE TAXES

Sales/use taxes, which vary from state to state, are assessed on both leased and purchased vehicles. There are often differences in what amounts are taxed and when the taxes are assessed. In a lease, sales/use taxes may be assessed on (1) the base monthly payment, (2) any capitalized cost reduction, and (3) in a few states, the adjusted capitalized cost. In most states, the sales/use tax on the base monthly payment is paid monthly; in some states, however, the tax is due at lease inception. Sales/use taxes on the capitalized cost reduction and the adjusted capitalized cost are usually due at lease inception. If you exercise any purchase option, separate taxes may apply.

SECURITY DEPOSIT

An amount you may be required to pay, usually at the beginning of the lease, which may be used by the lessor in the event of default or at the end of the lease to offset any amounts you owe under the lease agreement. Any remaining amount may be refunded to you.

SECURITY INTEREST

If stated in your lease agreement, a lessor's legal right to your property (such as stocks or bonds) that secures payment of your obligation under the lease agreement.

SEGREGATED DISCLOSURES

Disclosures required by Federal Reserve Regulation M that must be grouped together and separated from other information in the lease documents. The first page of the sample lease form shows the disclosures that must be segregated. See also Nonsegregated disclosures.

SERVICE CONTRACT OR MECHANICAL BREAKDOWN PROTECTION

A contract that you may purchase to cover such expenses as the repair or replacement of vehicle components and that may pay for related services such as towing or replacement rental cars. In most cases, service contracts do not cover routine maintenance unless specified in the lease agreement.

SINGLE-PAYMENT LEASE

A lease that requires a single payment made in advance rather than periodic payments made over the term of the lease. This lump sum payment may be less than the total amount you would pay were you to make periodic payments over the term of the lease.

SPECIAL AUTO POLICY

An Automobile policy with a single limit of liability applying to bodily injury and property damage and a corresponding limit applying to medical payments. Broad physical damage coverage could be added to it. This policy, which was designed for private passenger vehicles, has become obsolete. See Personal Auto Policy.

SPECIFIED CAUSES OF LOSS

Commercial automobile physical damage coverage for loss by the specified perils of fire, lightning, explosion, theft, windstorm, hail, earthquake, flood, vandalism, or the sinking, burning, collision or derailment of any conveyance transporting a covered auto. Comprehensive coverage is slightly broader.

STANDARDS FOR WEAR AND USE

Statements in the lease agreement defining what the lessor means by "normal wear and use" and setting forth the requirements for the vehicle's condition at the end of the lease. Standards may address such things as the amount of tread remaining on the tires at the end of the lease or the type of dents or scratches that are acceptable. These standards must be reasonable.

STATE INSURANCE DEPARTMENTS

Contact you state's Insurance Department at one of the numbers below:
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Washington D.C.
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
(205) 269-3550
(907) 465-2515
(602) 912-8400
(501) 686-2900
(213) 897-8921
(303) 894-7499
(203) 297-3800
(302) 739-4251
(202) 727-8002
(850) 413-3100
(404) 656-2056
(808) 586-2790
(208) 334-2250
(217) 782-4515
(317) 232-2385
(515) 281-5705
(913) 296-7801
(502) 564-3630
(504) 342-5900
(207) 582-8707
(410) 333-6200
(617) 521-7777
(517) 373-9273
(651) 297-7161
(601) 359-3569
(314) 751-2640
   Montana
Nebraska
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
Nevada
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
 
(406) 444-2040
(402) 471-2201
(603) 271-2261
(609) 292-5363
(505) 827-4601
(702) 687-4270
(212) 602-0203
(919) 733-2032
(701) 224-2440
(614) 466-2658
(405) 521-2828
(503) 378-4271
(717) 787-5173
(401) 277-2223
(803) 737-6160
(605) 773-3563
(615) 741-2176
(512) 463-6464
(801) 538-3800
(802) 828-3301
(804) 371-9741
(206) 753-7301
(304) 558-3394
(608) 266-0102
(307) 777-7401
 

SUBLEASE

Oral or written contractual transfer of your right to use the leased vehicle to another person. Such a transfer is usually prohibited without the lessor's approval.

SUBVENTION

A program or plan in which the manufacturer, the finance company, or the lessor subsidizes certain items.

TERMINATION FEE

See Disposition fee or disposal fee.

THREE-PAYMENT RULE

See Open-end lease.

THRESHOLD LEVEL

The point at which the insured may bring tort action under a modified No-Fault Auto Plan. Many of these plans prohibit tort action for pain and suffering unless medical bills exceed some figure, like $1,000, or disfigurement or death occurs.

TITLE

Legal document that identifies the owner of the vehicle. The lessor, not you, holds title to the leased vehicle.

TOTAL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION

The sum of the capitalized cost reduction, the total of base monthly payments, and other charges due under the lease agreement. The total contractual obligation excludes any security deposit as well as sales taxes and any other fees and taxes paid to a third party. If the total contractual obligation exceeds $25,000, the Consumer Leasing Act does not apply.

TOTAL MONTHLY PAYMENT

The base monthly payment plus monthly sales or use taxes and any other monthly charges.

TOTAL OF PAYMENTS

The sum of the periodic payments, the end-of-term disposition fee, any "other charges," and all "amounts due at lease signing or delivery," minus refundable amounts such as a security deposit and any monthly payments included in the "amount due at lease signing or delivery."

TOWING COSTS

Optional Automobile coverage that pays the cost up to a fixed amount for the towing of a disabled automobile.

TRADE-IN VALUE

The net value of your vehicle credited toward the purchase or lease of another vehicle. If you own the vehicle being traded-in, you sell it to the dealer or lessor. If you are leasing the vehicle being traded-in, you are turning in the vehicle (either at the scheduled end of the lease or upon early termination) to the dealer or lessor. The amount credited may be positive or negative depending on the value of the vehicle and any remaining balance on your credit, loan, or lease agreement.

TRAILER INTERCHANGE AGREEMENT

An arrangement whereby one trucker transfers a trailer containing a shipment to a second trucker for continued transportation.

TRAILER INTERCHANGE COVERAGE

Coverage for the legal liability of truckers for loss or damage to non-owned trailers and equipment that are in the insured's possession under a written trailer interchange agreement.

TRANSPORTATION EXPENSES

Automobile coverage for transportation expenses incurred by the named insured only in the event of theft of an entire covered auto. Coverage begins after a 4-hour waiting period and is subject to a daily limit and maximum dollar limit, and it applies only when the insured has physical damage coverage for theft.

TRUCKERS COVERAGE FORM

A commercial Automobile Insurance coverage form used to insure truckers who are engaged in the business of transporting goods for others.

UNDERINSURED MOTORISTS COVERAGE

Coverage in an Automobile Insurance policy under which the insurer will pay damages up to specified limits for bodily injury damages, if the limits of liability under the liable motorist's policy are exhausted and he cannot pay the full amount he is liable for.

UNDERWRITING

The process of verifying data and approving a loan. Includes a credit check, documentation and terms.

UNSATISFIED JUDGMENT FUND (UJF)

Several states have laws that provide for reimbursement to a person injured in an automobile accident who has been unable to collect from the person responsible.

USE TAX

See Monthly sales/use tax.

USED-VEHICLE LEASING

Leasing of previously owned or driven vehicles.

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

A vehicle identification number (VIN) is a vehicle's serial number. It consists of 17 characters, each character or set of characters pertaining to a different aspect of the vehicle, such as year, make, model, engine size and body style. Every vehicle manufactured since 1981 has a VIN.

WALK-AWAY LEASE

See Closed-end lease.

WARRANTY

A guarantee that the vehicle will function and perform as specified. A warranty usually covers specified mechanical problems during a specified period of time or number of miles.


CarBuyTip.com Copyrighted all rights reserved 2010